Home Solar Power System Connection Diagram
HOW A PV SYSTEM WORKS
Simply put, PV systems are like any other electrical power generating systems, just the equipment used is different than that used for conventional electromechanical generating systems. However, the principles of operation and interfacing with other electrical systems remain the same, and are guided by a well-established body of electrical codes and standards.
Although a PV array produces power when exposed to sunlight, a number of other components are required to properly conduct, control, convert, distribute, and store the energy produced by the array.
Depending on the functional and operational requirements of the system, the specific components required may include major components such as a DC-AC power inverter, battery bank, system and battery controller, auxiliary energy sources and sometimes the specified electrical load (appliances). In addition, an assortment of balance of system (BOS) hardware, including wiring, overcurrent, surge protection and disconnect devices, and other power processing equipment.
TYPES OF SYSTEMS
Photovoltaic power systems are generally classified according to their functional and operational requirements, their component configurations, and how the equipment is connected to other power sources and electrical loads. The two principal classifications are On-grid or utility-interactive systems and Off grid systems. Photovoltaic systems can be designed to provide DC and/or AC power service, can operate interconnected with or independent of the utility grid, and can be connected with other energy sources and energy storage systems.
On-grid or Utility-Interactive PV Systems
On-grid or utility-interactive PV systems are designed to operate in parallel with and interconnected with the electric utility grid. The primary component in On-grid PV systems is the inverter, or power conditioning unit (PCU). The PCU converts the DC power produced by the PV array into AC power consistent with the voltage and power quality requirements of the utility grid, and automatically stops supplying power to the grid when the utility grid is not energized. A bi-directional interface is made between the PV system AC output circuits and the electric utility network, typically at an on-site distribution panel or service entrance. This allows the AC power produced by the PV system to either supply on-site electrical loads, or to back-feed the grid when the PV system output is greater than the on-site load demand. At night and during other periods when the electrical loads are greater than the PV system output, the balance of power required by the loads is received from the electric utility This safety feature is required in all On-grid PV systems, and ensures that the PV system will not continue to operate and feed back into the utility grid when the grid is down for service or repair.
Off grid Photovoltaic Systems
Off grid PV systems are designed to operate independent of the electric utility grid, and are generally designed and sized to supply certain DC and/or AC electrical loads. These types of systems may be powered by a PV array only, or may use wind, an engine-generator or utility power as an auxiliary power source in what is called a PV-hybrid system. The simplest type of Off grid PV system is a direct-coupled system, where the DC output of a PV module or array is directly connected to a DC load. Since there is no electrical energy storage (batteries) in direct-coupled systems, the load only operates during sunlight hours, making these designs suitable for common applications such as ventilation fans, water pumps, and small circulation pumps for solar thermal water heating systems. Matching the impedance of the electrical load to the maximum power output of the PV array is a critical part of designing well-performing direct-coupled system. For certain loads such as positive-displacement water pumps, a type of electronic DC-DC converter, called a maximum power point tracker (MPPT), is used between the array and load to help better utilize the available array maximum power output.
In many Off grid PV systems, batteries are used for energy storage.
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Complete system components:
Solar System Manufacturer Wholesale Price 3KW Solar Off-grid Solar Panel System
| Item |
Model |
Description |
QTY |
| 1 |
300W MONO Solar Panel
(Poly optional) |
Vmp(V): 37.8, Imp(A): 7.93
Voc(V): 45.3, Isc(A): 8.43
Weight: 19.1 KG
Dimension:1640*992*35 mm |
6 |
| 2 |
24V/ 3000W /80A Inverter with MPPT controller
(PWM optional) |
3KW/24V Solar Inverter with MPPT build inside. Max charge current: 80A (AC+Solar). Max. PV Array Power: 4000W , AC 220V 50Hz/60Hz,
Dimension:543*394*204 mm, 12kg |
1 |
| 3 |
12V / 200AH GEL Battery
(AGM optional) |
Maintenance Free
Sealed lead acid solar battery
Dimension: 522*240*218 mm, 58.6kg |
4 |
| 4 |
Mounting Brackets |
1800W suitable for ground mounting |
1 |
| 5 |
Solar Cables |
Solar energy professional cable 4mm², Grade A, pure copper, 100m |
2 |
| 6 |
Battery Cables |
Solar energy battery professional cable, 30 CM 16mm² |
10 |
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Detail Technical Parameter for System Part
Solar System Manufacturer Wholesale Price 3KW Solar Off-grid Solar Panel System
300W Solar Panel :
